In 2019, the NFL and Jay-Z’s Roc Nation announced a partnership that made Jay the producer of the most coveted entertainment slot on television: the Super Bowl Halftime show. The deal called for Roc Nation to be the NFL’s “life music entertainment strategist,” according to The New York Times.
Part of the reason for the deal, of course, was that the NFL was interested in having Jay’s cultural cache: he’s been considered cool ever since he dropped his first single, 1995’s “In My Lifetime.” And, of course, over the years, Jay extended his brand into entrepreneurism. As he rapped on the remix of Kanye West’s “Diamonds From Sierra Leone,” “I’m not a businessman, I’m a business, man.” His businesses over the years have included Roc Nation, Rocawear, alcohol brands including Armand de Brignac (premium champagne), D’Usse (luxury cognac), the 40/40 Club and music streaming service Tidal.
Of course, in 2019, the NFL had another good reason for courting Jay-Z. He had been a vocal critic of the National Football League. The NFL had been mired in a particular controversy since 2016. You’ll recall that San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick refused to stand for the National Anthem before a preseason game as a protest against police brutality against Black people. As Kaepernick told NFL Media at the time, “I am not going to stand up to show pride in a flag for a country that oppresses Black people and people of color. To me, this is bigger than football and it would be selfish on my part to look the other way. There are bodies in the street and people getting paid leave and getting away with murder.” This issue dominated the media cycle and was dividing football fans. Clearly having Jay-Z’s involvement with the league would be helpful.
At one point, such a partnership seemed unlikely. On the 2018 song “Apes—,” Jay rapped, “I said no to the Super Bowl/You need me, I don’t need you/Every night we in the endzone/Tell the NFL we in stadiums too.” He felt that the NFL was looking at hip-hop as a fad, when it had been at the center of culture for two decades or more. But the NFL got the message and reached out and a deal was made. Jay-Z took some criticism for the deal, but as he later told the New York Times in a 2020 interview, “No one is saying [Kaepernick] hasn’t been done wrong. He was done wrong. I would understand if it was three months ago. But it was three years ago and someone needs to say, ‘What do we do now — because people are still dying?’”
Did Jay-Z help to change anything (other than the NFL’s entertainment booking)? Many would say no, although, per Billboard, Roc Nation has “helped out” the league’s social justice program, Inspire Change (see their 2024 impact report here).
But the shows that Jay has produced have definitely brought a lot of excitement and given us lots of viral moments. Here’s our ranking of the Halftime shows since Jay-Z and Roc Nation have taken over production of the Super Bowl Halftime show.